Coxis pain: Causes and treatments

Pain in the Coxis region, known in medical terms as coccigodinia, is a condition that can significantly affect the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Although it is often overlooked, its adequate diagnosis and treatment are fundamental. To clearly understand, the specialist Francisco Flores, physiotherapist at the Viamed Santa Elena University Hospital, explains the characteristics of this condition.

What is pain in the coxis and why

The coxis is the final part of the spine and is composed of three to five fused vertebrae. Although it is a small bone, it has an important function, since it acts as a support point for several muscles, ligaments and tendons that help in the stability of the body and in functions such as sitting and walking.

Pain can manifest in different ways, but here there are some common symptoms:

• Located pain just above the buttocks.
• Increased pain when sitting or getting up.
• Pressure sensation when sitting long.
• Pain that intensifies with certain movements or defecating.
• Redness or inflammation in the area (if there is infection).

Most common causes of pain in coxis

Falls or trauma

One of the most frequent causes of pain in coxis is a direct fall on the buttocks, as occurs when slipping into the ice or falling badly when sitting. This can cause from a bruise to a fracture of the coxis.

Vaginal delivery

In women, Coxis is a structure that can be affected during childbirth. The baby’s passage through the delivery channel can generate an injury or displacement of the coxis, which causes pain in the subsequent weeks or months.

Sedentary lifestyle and prolonged postures

Staying for a long time, especially on hard surfaces or without adequate support, can exert pressure on the coxis and cause inflammation. It is common in people who work many hours in front of the computer or in drivers who spend long periods behind the wheel.

Repetitive efforts

Activities such as cycling or riding can generate repeated microtrauma in Coxis, which can cause chronic pain.

Overweight or extreme weight loss

Excess weight can increase pressure on the coxis, while rapid weight loss can reduce the fat pad that protects it, making it more vulnerable to pressure and pain.

Joint or inflammatory problems

Some diseases such as osteoarthritis, sacroilitis or certain types of arthritis can affect coxis joints and cause chronic pain.

Pilonidal infections or cysts

In some cases, the pain in the coxis may be due to a nearby skin infection or a pylonidal cyst, which is an accumulation of tissue and pus in the lower back.

Symptoms of pain in coxis

Coxis pain can manifest in different ways, depending on its cause. The most common symptoms include:

• Pain located in the lower part of the column, just above the buttocks.
• Increased pain when sitting or getting up.
• Sensation of pressure or discomfort to be sitting for a long time.
• Pain that intensifies with certain movements or defecating.
• Redness or inflammation in the area (if there is infection).

If the pain in the coxis is intense, prolonged or accompanied by other symptoms such as fever or secretion in the area, it is important to go to a doctor.

When to go to the doctor

Although on many occasions, coxis pain can be handled at home, it is advisable to go to a specialist if:

• If the pain persists more than two weeks.
• If there is swelling, redness or secretion.
• If there are difficulties in performing daily activities, such as sitting or sleeping.
• If it presents numbness or loss of sensitivity.
• If recent drops or blows have been experienced.

An accurate diagnosis will identify the cause of pain and apply the most appropriate treatment.

Pain diagnosis in Coxis

To determine the cause of pain, the doctor will perform a physical examination and evaluate the patient’s background. If necessary, tests such as:

• Radiography of the lumbar zone and coxis: To detect fractures or bone displacements.
• Magnetic resonance or computerized tomography: To evaluate soft tissues and discard inflammations or infections.
• Blood test: If an inflammatory infection or disease is suspected.

Coxis pain treatments

The treatment will depend on the cause of pain. In most cases, the problem can be solved with conservative measures, although in some situations a more advanced medical treatment may be necessary.

Initial measures and pain relief

• Avoid sitting on hard surfaces: Use “horseshoe” cushions or with opening on the back to reduce the pressure on the coxis.
• Cold and heat application: The cold can help reduce inflammation in the first days, while heat can relax the muscles and relieve discomfort in posterior phases.
• Position modification: Changing position frequently and avoiding being sitting for long periods helps reduce pressure on coxis.

Physiotherapy and strengthening exercises

A physiotherapist may recommend specific exercises to strengthen lumbar, pelvic and pelvic soil, which helps improve stability and reduce pressure on the coxis. In addition, mobilization and massage techniques can relieve tension in the area.

Pain medications

• Non -steroid anti -inflammatories (NSAIDs): Such as ibuprofen or naproxen, to reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
• Muscle relaxants: In case of contractures that affect the lumbar area.
• Topical analgesics: Creams or gels with anti -inflammatory effect may be useful in some cases.

Infiltrations and medical treatments

If the pain persists, the doctor may recommend local corticosteroid or anesthetic infiltrations to relieve inflammation and reduce sensitivity in the affected area.

Surgery (only in severe cases)

In exceptional cases where pain is disabling and does not respond to other treatments, the Coccigectomya surgery in which the coxis is extracted. However, this option is only used in extreme situations due to prolonged recovery.

Tips for preventing pain in coxis

To avoid the appearance of pain or reduce its impact, it is recommended:

• Maintain an adequate posture when sitting and raising heavy objects.
• Use an ergonomic cushion if you spend a lot of time sitting.
• Make active pauses if you work many hours in a chair.
• Avoid high impact exercises if the coxis is inflamed.
• Control body weight to reduce pressure on the pelvic area.

Coxis pain is a frequent discomfort that can affect the quality of life, but in most cases it is resolved with conservative measures. If pain persists or affects mobility, it is essential to go to a specialist for a precise diagnosis and proper treatment.

In Viamed Saludwe have experts in traumatology and physiotherapy that can help you relieve pain and improve your well -being. Agenda your appointment today and take care of your health.