Polypes in the vocal cords

Polyps on vocal cords are a common condition that can affect people of different ages and lifestyles. Although they are usually benign, it is important to recognize and treat them in time to avoid complications. We especially thank Dr. Ignacio Erdozain Rodríguez, otolaryngologist at Viamed Los Manzanos, for his valuable contribution and experience in the elaboration of this article.

What are vocal string polyps?

Polyps are small abnormal tissue formations that are developed in the vocal cords and are located in the larynx organ. Generally, they are benign, that is, they are not cancerous, and vary in size, shape and consistency.

• Location: In the vocal strings of the larynx, affecting the quality of the voice.
• Aspect: They can be smooth, rough or have a gelatinous texture.

Causes of polyps on vocal cords

There are multiple factors that can trigger polype formation. Among the most common causes are included:

• Vocal overwhelming: Talking in excess, screaming or singing continuously can irritate the vocal strings and cause polyps.
• Smoking: Tobacco smoke irritates throat tissues, increasing the risk of developing polyps.
• Gastroesophageal reflux: The stomach acid that reaches the throat can damage the vocal strings.
• Allergies: Chronic allergies can cause constant inflammation in the throat.
• Infections: Repetitive infections in the throat can weaken the tissues and favor the development of polyps.

Polypal symptoms on vocal cords

Although the symptoms may vary according to the size and location of the polyp, the most frequent are:

• Ronquera or changes in the voice.
• Sensation of foreign body in the throat.
• Pain or discomfort when speaking.
• Difficulty reaching high tones when singing or speaking.
• Frequent carraspeo.
• In more serious cases, difficulty breathing or swallowing.

If you present any of these symptoms persistently, it is essential to consult a specialist doctor.

Diagnosis of polyps on vocal strings

The diagnosis of polyps on the vocal strings is made by an otolaryngologist. The most used tools and tests include:

• Physical examination: The doctor will inspect the throat to detect signs of inflammation or anomalies.
• Laryngoscopy: It consists of directly visualizing the larynx through a camera adapted to a very flexible or rigid device that is introduced through the nose or directly through the mouth, to visualize the vocal cords. It is a simple exploration and is usually very well tolerated by the patient.
• Videoestroboscopy: Technique that allows observing the movement of the vocal strings in real time through a camera adapted to a very flexible or rigid device that is introduced through the nose or directly through the mouth.

Treatment of polyps on vocal cords

The treatment will depend on the size and severity of the polyp, as well as its impact on the patient’s voice or quality of life. Next, the main options are described:

Non -surgical treatments

• Vocal rest: Reducing voice use can help reduce inflammation and allow the healing of the affected tissue.
• VOCAL-GOVERY THEOPE: Working with a voice specialized therapist can be effective to learn adequate techniques for vocal use and prevent relapses.
• Medications: In cases of gastroesophageal reflux or allergies, medicines such as protons pump or antihistamine pump inhibitors help improve larynx conditions.
• Changes in lifestyle: Stop smoking, avoiding irritants and maintaining adequate hydration are key measures to improve throat health.

Surgical treatment

If the polyps are large, persistent or significantly affect the voice, surgical intervention may be necessary:

• LARÍNEA MICROCIRUGÍA: A minimally invasive procedure with dissection or laser technique to eliminate polyps without damaging the surrounding tissue. Subsequently, the anatomopathological study of the removed lesion for analysis is proceeded.

Can polyps be prevented in vocal cords?

Although it is not always possible to prevent them, there are habits that help reduce the risk:

• Avoid forcing the voice: Rest your voice when you notice vocal tiredness or rum.
• Stay hydrated: Drinking enough water helps keep the lubricated vocal strings.
• Quit smoking: Tobacco is a significant irritating for the throat and vocal strings.
• Treats the gastroesophageal reflux: Following an adequate diet and avoiding irritating food can make a difference.
• Consult the doctor before any persistent symptom: An early diagnosis can avoid major complications.

Complications and when to seek medical help

Although polyps are benign in most cases, if they are not treated they can generate:

• Permanent changes in the voice.
• Carraspera, strange body sensation in the throat
• Exceptionally respiratory difficulties.

Look for medical attention if you experience:

• Ronquera that lasts more than three weeks.
• Persistent pain in the throat.
• Difficulty swallowing or breathing.

Polyps on vocal cords are a treatable condition, especially if detected early. If you notice changes in your voice or discomfort in your throat, do not hesitate to seek medical help. In Viamed Saludwe have specialists in otolaryngology that can help you diagnose and treat this condition effectively.

Do you have doubts or do you need a consultation? Get in touch with us and improve your vocal health today.